Consider the question:

“What action is required to achieve a global norm of beneficial ownership transparency?”

Anonymously owned companies facilitate grand corruption and laundering of the proceeds of corruption. They can also enable other harmful flows including tax evasion, organised crime and terrorist financing.

These flows, and the corporate and other structures which facilitate them, are international, operating across borders, therefore policy makers are recognising that the action required to address them similarly requires a global effort, to manage the risk that illicit flows are simply diverted